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短文改錯專項訓練三大原則

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1. 實詞以改變形式為原則

短文改錯專項訓練三大原則

在改錯中,實詞的處理一般只是改變它的形式,而不能改變其詞義也不能改換成另一個實詞,更不能隨便給添刪。如:

(1) Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.

【解析】本題考查的是enjoy後接動名詞的用法。但是有些同學的改法是把enjoy刪掉,原句就變成了Soon I began to talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English。這樣做雖然改正了語法錯誤,但是也改變了原來的句子所要表達的意思,故不能這樣改。本題的正確改法是把talk改為talking。

(2) Finding information on the Net is easily. But not all…

【解析】應把easily改為easy。因為一般的副詞不能作表語,而應用形容詞。切記不要換成 simple 或其他的近義形容詞。simple意思為很普通,很常見,(所以很簡單),而easy就是簡單的意思,從難度上來表達的。兩者表達的角度不一樣。

2. 以保持原意不變為原則

一般應遵循保持句子原意的原則,即不能改變文章或作者所表達的意思,包括其語氣和上下文的`邏輯關係。只對短文中的用詞錯誤、語法錯誤、行文關係錯誤進行改正,且要小改而不大改。如:

(1) …are still many people living in poor conditions. They make their lives. (廣東卷)

【分析】lives→living。make a / one’s living 為一固定短語。只需將 lives 改成 living 就可以了,不要將 their lives 改為 a living。

(2) But I have spent most my money, so I cannot… (四川卷)

【解析】在my前加 of。也有同學去掉 most,這種改法雖改正了語法錯誤,但改變了原意。作者想說的是“花掉了大部分的錢,而不是全部”。

3. 虛詞以新增或刪除為原則

歷年高考題需要新增或刪除的地方為三四處。這些需要添刪的詞一般是冠詞、代詞、介詞、關係詞等,而動詞、名詞等的添刪則不是很常見,因為太容易改變句子的原意。

(1) From his answer we shall know the something now.

【解析】不定代詞前不能加冠詞,所以故去掉the。

(2) Then I began to pay more attention my pronunciation.

【解析】固定搭配pay attention to後缺少介詞to,應加上。

中考英語專項訓練:短文改錯(5)

I have come in China for two years. My friends in 1. __________

England sometimes write to me, ask me how long 2. __________

I’ll stay here, when I’m thinking of returning 3. __________

home. The answer of their questions is simple: I 4. __________

do not know when I return home. At the moment, 5. __________

I have no reason to return back to England. I like 6. __________

living in China; I enjoy meeting Chinese people 7. __________

and travel around the country. My work is very 8. __________

interested, and there are so many things I don’t know 9. __________

about China that I hope to discover it in the future. 10. ________

【答案解析】

1. 將come改為been。come是終止性動詞,不與時間段連用。

2. 將ask改為asking。現在分詞作伴隨狀語。

3. 在when前加and。 when引導的從句與how long引導的從句是兩個並列的賓語從句(作asking的賓語)。

4. 將of改為to。在answer, key, way, entrance等名詞後,習慣上用介詞to。

5. 在return前加will。這是將來時。注意:不要誤以為when引導的是時間狀語從句,用一般現在時代替將來時。事實上,when引導的是賓語從句。

6. 去掉back或將return改為go。因為return=go back。

7. 此行正確。

8. 將travel改為traveling。因為traveling與meeting並列,作enjoy的賓語。

9. 將interested改為interesting。表示某事物“令人……的”用-ing形容詞;-ed形容詞則表示某人“感到……的”。

10. 將it改為them。因為此處是指many things。

中考英語專項訓練:短文改錯(4)

Thank you for your offer invite me to the free 1. __________

summer English course in your school. As for my 2. __________

choice of the two courses, I’d prefer the five-weeks 3. __________

course for 50 hours. This would allows me more 4. __________

time to see your beautiful country while learned 5. __________

language. I’d like to do some traveling and make 6. __________

a few new friends. In all the subjects I’m learning 7. __________

at school, I like English best. I hope me to take this 8. __________

chance to improve my spoken English level as much 9. __________

as possibly. I believe I will have a wonderful time 10. _________

in England this summer.

【答案解析】

1. 把invite改為inviting。現在分詞作定語修飾offer。

2. 此行正確。

3. 把five-weeks改為five-week。“數詞+連字元號+名詞”作定語,其中的名詞要用單數。

4. 把allows改為allow。在助動詞will, would及情態動詞can, may, must等後面,永遠要用動詞原形。

5. 把learned改為learning。while learning=while I’m learning。

6. 在language前加the。特指英語這種語言。

7. 把In改為Of。subjects“科目”,English是其中一個“科目”,表示最高階的比較範圍,若是整體與個別的關係,就用of。指時間、地點範圍,才用in。

8. 去掉me。主語希望自己做某事,直接用hope to do sth,事實上,也不能用hope sb to do sth這一句型。

9. 去掉level。這是中文式英語。improve=make…better。

10. 把possibly改為possible。as…as possible(盡……)是習語。

中考英語專項訓練:短文改錯(3)

I live in the country and my father was a farmer. 1. __________

He is now forty-five year old. Because of years of 2. __________

hard work, he looks old than his age. When I was 3. __________

young, he is used to tell me the importance of study. 4. __________

Father knows little about English and other subjects, 5. __________

but he usually gives me some good advices on how 6. __________

to learn my lessons good. He is not only kind to me 7. __________

but also very strict in me. With his help, I’ve made 8. __________

great progress. I’ll never to forget what he taught 9. __________

me. I think my father is best father in the world. 10. _________

【答案解析】

改為 is。根據上下文的時態可知。

2. 第一個year改為years。因它受 forty-five 的修飾。

3. old 改為 older。因其後有表示比較的 than。

4. 去掉is。比較:used to=過去經常,be used to=習慣於。

5. 此行無錯。

6. advices 改為 advice。advice 為不可數名詞。

7. good 改為 well。修飾動詞要用副詞,不用形容詞。

8. in 改為 with。be strict in後接某事,be strict with後接某人。

9. 去掉to。因助動詞will後要接動詞原形,不能接不定式。

10. best 前加 the。形容詞最高階前通常要加定冠詞。

中考英語專項訓練:短文改錯(2)

Mary is my best friend. We’re all from Henan, 1. _____

but now I live in Beijing when she lives in 2. _____

Guangzhou. We don’t look each other very often, 3. _____

but we’re keep in touch all the time. I often write 4. _____

to Mary and telling her about the things that 5. _____

are happened at my company, and she often 6. _____

writes to me about her work. We talk on phone 7. _____

once a week. Sometime I call her on her 8. _____

car phone, or we send e-mail to each other. 9. _____

We’re really luck. There are so many ways 10. ____

we can keep in touch with each other.

【答案解析】

1. all改為both。指Mary和作者兩個人。

2. when改為and或while。因為兩個分句沒有主從關係。而是並列關係,或者有對比或對照的含義。

3. look改為see。因為此句意為“兩個人不能經常見面(see)”。

4. 去掉keep或把we’re改為we。因為keep是動詞,若不是進行時態或被動語態,動詞前不用be,但句中沒有動詞時必用be。所以去掉keep或去掉are,

5. telling改為tell。tell和write是並列謂語。

6. happened改為happening。因為這是現在進行時態。

7. phone前加the。因為on the phone是習語,意為“用電話(交談)”。

8. Sometime改為Sometimes。此處表示“有時候”,而不是表示“某個不定的時候”。

9. 此行正確。

10. luck改為lucky。用形容詞作表語。

中考英語專項訓練:短文改錯(1)

We’ve just moved in a house and we want to 1. _____

buy a new color television set, and I’m not 2. _____

sure about a size. Maybe we should buy a big 3. _____

one. If we buy a small one, we might have 4. _____

to change for it in a few years’ time for a bigger 5. _____

one. My husband thinks it’s no necessary to buy 6. _____

a very big one. He said our sitting room isn’t very 7. _____

big. If we put in a very big television, they will 8. _____

be bad for our eyes. Anyway, we’d better to make 9. _____

quick decision because the price may go up soon. 10. ____

【答案解析】

1. in改為into。in“在……裡”表靜態的位置;而into則表動態的位置,意為“進入”。

2. and改為but。前後句之間是轉折關係。

3. a改為the。這裡表特指,指要買的電視機的大小。

4. 此行正確。

5. 去掉第一個for。“把A物換成B物”的英語表達是change A for B。文章中該句句意為“幾年之後就要把小電視換成大電視”。

6. no改為not。因為no是形容詞,修飾名詞,而necessary是形容詞,所以要用副詞not來修飾。

7. said改為says。因為上下文都是用的一般現在時,這裡指現在的思想,現在的想法。

8. they改為it。這裡指的是the big television。

9. 去掉to。had better後接動詞原形。

10. quick前加a。make a decision意為“作出決定”。

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